Introduction

This guide is designed to get you started with and/or refresh your memory about the Chicago citation style. For more information, please consult the official source—The Chicago Manual of Style, 15th ed. (2003)—which is available in the Universal Orlando Foundation Library at: Rosen Reference Z253 .U69 2003. For more assistance, please Ask a Rosen Librarian.

A shorter, printable version of this guide is also available:
Chicago PDF (36 KB).

In-Text Citations and Formatting the Bibliography

• Chicago style generally recommends that you use footnotes (notes that appear at the bottom of each page) in the text of your paper along with a Bibliography at the end of your paper, and that method is described here. For other methods (parenthetical notes, author-date system, etc.), refer to the Manual.
  
• Most word processing programs handle footnotes automatically, including font size (usually smaller than the main text) and spacing (usually single-spaced). In current versions of Microsoft Word, for example, go to the Insert menu and click: Reference | Footnote | (verify options and) Insert.
  
• The first time you cite a source in a footnote, you must give all the necessary information:
  
  
  1. Robert T. Gordon, The Complete Restaurant Management Guide
  (Armonk, NY: Sharpe Professional, 1999), 127.
  However, you may abbreviate the source in subsequent references, using only the author’s last name, a shortened form of the title, and the relevant page number(s) (or section):
  
  

  4. Gordon, Complete Restaurant, 189, 191.

  The Latin abbreviation ibid. (meaning "in the same place") may be used to refer to the very same source as the previous note:
  
  6. Cape, "Towards a Dynamic."
  7. Gordon, Complete Restaurant, 312.
  8. Ibid., 204-206.
  9. Cape, "Towards a Dynamic."
  
  In the example above, note 8 refers to the same source (Gordon, Complete Restaurant) as in note 7, and only the page numbers being referenced has changed. Notice, however, that the writer cannot use ibid. for note 9, since the earlier Cape reference (note 6) did not immediately precede it.
  
  For more assistance with in-text citations, refer to p. 593-754 of the Chicago Manual.
  
  For your bibliography:
  
• Arrange the entries alphabetically by author (if no author is given, then start with the title).
• Double-space the lines of each entry and double-space between entries.
• Use a "hanging indent" (indent the second and following lines) for entries longer than one line.

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Footnote and Bibliography Forms – Selected Common Source Types

The examples below are intended to approximate Chicago style footnote and bibliography entries for common source types, including line spacing and hanging indents. Accordingly, narrow margins have been used in order to accommodate different browser window sizes.In your paper, you should set one inch margins and half inch hanging indents.

For best results, open your browser window as wide as possible, as some of the lines may run together if viewed with a narrow browser window or with a large font size setting. If you experience such difficulties with the lines, then you may wish to view the printable (PDF) version of this guide instead: Chicago PDF (36 KB).

"To cite a source type not listed below", or for more information, refer to pages 593-754 in The Chicago Manual of Style, 15th ed. (Ros REF Z253 .U69 2003).

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BOOK

• Footnote Form:

#. First M. Last, Title of Book, # ed. [if other than 1st].
(Place: Publisher, Date), Pages.

1. Otto Riewoldt, New Hotel Design, 2nd ed. (New York:
Watson-Guptill Publications, 2002), 136.

• Bibliography Form:

Last, First M. Title of Book, # ed. [if other than 1st].



Place: Publisher, Date.



Riewoldt, Otto. New Hotel Design, 2nd ed. New York:



Watson-Guptill Publications, 2002.

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CHAPTER FROM A BOOK OR AN ENTRY IN A REFERENCE BOOK

• Footnote Form:

#. First M. Last, "Chapter Name," in Book Title, ed. First
M. Last, Pages (Place: Publisher, Date), Pages cited.

3. James C. Whorton, "Vegetarianism," in Cambridge
World History of Food, eds. Kenneth F. Kiple and
Kriemhild Conee Ornelas, 1553-1564 (Cambridge:
Cambridge University Press, 2000), 1559-1561.

• Bibliography Form:

Last, First M. "Chapter Name." In Book Title, edited by



First M. Last, Pages. Place: Publisher, Date.

Whorton, James C. "Vegetarianism." In Cambridge World



History of Food, edited by Kenneth F. Kiple and

Kriemhild Conee Ornelas, 1553-1564. Cambridge:

Cambridge University Press, 2000.

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JOURNAL OR MAGAZINE ARTICLE

Print version:

• Footnote Form:

#. First M. Last, "Article Title," Title of Journal volume,
number (Date): Pages.

4. Patricia A. Monteson and Judith Singer, "Marketing a
Resort-Based Spa," Journal of Vacation Marketing 10,
no. 2 (2004): 284.

• Bibliography Form:

Last, First M. "Article Title." Title of Journal volume,



number (Date): Pages.


Monteson, Patricia A., and Judith Singer. "Marketing a



Resort-Based Spa." Journal of Vacation Marketing

10, no. 2 (2004): 282-288.

Electronic version – accessed through a library database

• Footnote Form:

#. First M. Last, "Article Title," Journal Title volume,
number (Date): Pages, Database Name, URL.

8. Mo Khamouna. "Rethinking Tourism and Ecotravel,"
Journal of Vacation Marketing 7, no. 1 (2001): 94,
Hospitality & Tourism Complete, http://www.ebsco.com.

• Bibliography Form:

Last, First. M. "Article Title." Journal Title volume,



number (Year): Pages. Database Name, URL.


Khamouna, Mo. "Rethinking Tourism and Ecotravel."



Journal of Vacation Marketing 7, no. 1 (2001):

94-95. Hospitality & Tourism Complete,

http://www.ebsco.com.

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NEWSPAPER ARTICLE

Print version:

• Footnote Form:

#. First M. Last, "Article Title," Newspaper, section, Date.

10. Laura Landro, "Hip Hotel? Whatever," Wall Street
Journal, sec. W1, May 28, 2004.

• Bibliography Form:

Last, First M. "Article Title." Newspaper, Date, section.

Landro, Laura. "Hip hotel? Whatever." Wall Street



Journal, May 28, 2004, sec. W1.

Electronic version - accessed through a library database:

• Footnote Form:

#. First M. Last, "Article Title," Newspaper, section,
Date, Database, URL.

11. Samantha K. Clarke, "Disney Unveils New Time
Shares," Orlando Sentinel, sec. C1, October 12,
2006, Newsbank, http://www.newsbank.com.

• Bibliography Form:

Last, First M. "Article Title." Newspaper, Date, section.



Database, URL.


Clarke, Samantha K. "Disney Unveils New Time



Shares." Orlando Sentinel, October 12, 2006,

sec. C1. Newsbank, http://www.newsbank.com.

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FILM / VIDEO / DVD

• Footnote Form:

# Title of Film, Medium, directed by First M. Last
[or name of Organization] (Original release year
[if applicable]; Place: Distributor or Production
Company, Year of current release).

14. Star Wars II: Attack of the Clones, DVD, directed
by George Lucas (Beverly Hills, CA: Twentieth
Century Fox, 2002).

16. Supervisory Skill Builders: Leadership, VHS,
Educational Institute of the American Hotel and
Motel Association (East Lansing, MI: The
Institute, 1997).

• Bibliography Form:

Title of Film. Medium. Directed by First M. Last



[or Organization], Original release year [if

applicable]. Place: Distributor or Production

Company, Year of current release.


Star Wars II: Attack of the Clones. DVD. Directed by



George Lucas. Beverly Hills, CA: Twentieth

Century Fox, 2002.


Supervisory Skill Builders: Leadership. VHS.



Educational Institute of the American Hotel

and Motel Association. East Lansing, MI: The

Institute, 1997.

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WEBSITE - SEVERAL EXAMPLES

• Footnote Form:

#. First M. Last [if given], “Site Title,” document type
[if necessary] (Organization, Date), URL.

17. Jason Cape, "Towards a Dynamic Learning
Perspective of Entrepreneurship," working paper
(Lancaster University Management School, 2003),
http://www.lums.co.uk/publications/viewpdf/224/.

19. "CIC Facts" (Convention Industry Council, 2004),
http://www.conventionindustry.org/aboutcic/
about_cic.htm.

28. U.S. Census Bureau, "Miami city, Florida,"
American FactFinder Fact Sheet for Miami,
Florida (2000), http://factfinder.census.gov.

• Bibliography Form:

Last, First M. [if given]. “Site Title.” Document type



[if necessary], Organization, Date. URL.


Cape, Jason. "Towards a Dynamic Learning



Perspective of Entrepreneurship." Working paper,

Lancaster University Management School, 2003.

http://www.lums.co.uk/publications/viewpdf/224/.


"CIC Facts." Convention Industry Council, 2004.



http://www.conventionindustry.org/aboutcic/

about_cic.htm.


U.S. Census Bureau. "Miami city, Florida." American



FactFinder Fact Sheet for Miami, Florida, 2000.

http://factfinder.census.gov.

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GOVERNMENT DOCUMENT

General Note:

Chicago's section on "public documents" (government reports, legal statutes, etc.) is complex and extensive. The examples
below are not exhaustive. Therefore, when citing government documents, you may wish to refer to p. 733-753 in the Chicago Manual.

Print version:

• Footnote Form:

#. First M. Last or Organization, Title of Document,
# Cong. [if applicable], # session [if applicable],
Report # [if applicable] (Place: Publisher, Date),
Pages.

29. U.S. Congress, House, Committee on the Judiciary,
Sex Tourism Prohibition Improvement Act of 2002,
107th Cong., 2d session, Report no. 107-525
(Washington, D.C.: G.P.O., 2002), 14-15.

• Bibliography Form:

Last, First M. or Organization. Title of Document.



# Cong. [if applicable], # session [if applicable],

Report # [if applicable]. Place: Publisher,

Date.


U.S. Congress. House. Committee on the Judiciary.



Sex Tourism Prohibition Improvement Act of

2002: Report Together with Dissenting Views.

107th Cong., 2d session, Report no. 107-525.

Washington, D.C.: G.P.O., 2002.

Electronic version – accessed through a government website:

• Footnote Form:

#. First M. Last or Organization, Title of Document,
# Cong. [if applicable], # session [if applicable],
Report # [if applicable] (Place: Publisher, Date),
Pages, URL.

31. U.S. Congress, Senate, Committee on the
Judiciary, Proposed Western Hemisphere
Passport Rules: Impact on Trade and Tourism,
109th Cong., 1st session, Report no. 109-275
(Washington, D.C.: G.P.O., 2006), 43,
http://purl.access.gpo.gov/GPO/LPS68875.

• Bibliography Form:

Last, First M. or Organization. Title of Document.



# Cong. [if applicable], # session [if

applicable], Report # [if applicable]. Place:

Publisher, Date. URL.

U.S. Congress. Senate. Committee on the



Judiciary. Proposed Western Hemisphere


Passport Rules: Impact on Trade and



Tourism. 109th Cong., 1st session,

Report no. 109-275. Washington, D.C.:

G.P.O., 2006. http://purl.access.gpo.gov/

GPO/LPS68875.

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BROCHURE / PAMPHLET

• Footnote Form:

#. First M. Last or Organization, Brochure Title
(Place: Publisher, Date), Pages.

34. Crystal Cruises, Cruise Guide 2004 (Los
Angeles: Crystal Cruises, 2003), 2.

• Bibliography Form:

Last, First M. or Organization. Brochure Title.



Place: Publisher, Date.

Crystal Cruises. Cruise Guide 2004. Los

Angeles: Crystal Cruises, 2003.

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OTHER

To cite a source type not listed above, refer to pages 593-754 in The Chicago Manual of Style,15th ed. (Ros REF Z253 .U69 2003).

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Go to: Rosen Research Guides page

Go to: UCF Main Library Research Guides page

Questions? Feel free to Ask a Rosen Librarian!

A printable version of this guide is also available: Chicago PDF (36 KB)

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Rosen Research Guides  • Hospitality Research: Chicago Citation Style Guide
Universal Orlando Foundation Library

Last Updated: July 2009 SV/TB